Cornea
Cornea is the clear front surface of the eye and its positioned in front of the iris and pupil. The main function of cornea is to refract, or bend, light. It has five layers:
The corneal epithelium
Bowman’s layer
The corneal stroma
Descemet’s membrane
The corneal endothelium
Common Cornea Diseases
The most common corneal problems include:
Arcus Senilis: It is a common aging issue which causes the build-up of a white ring in the periphery of the cornea. This is called arcus senilis or corneal arcus. The ring is composed of cholesterol and related compounds and could be either barely noticeable or very prominent.
Corneal Abrasion: It is a minor injury or scratched cornea condition that could cause pain and infection.
Pterygium: A fibrous growth that starts on the sclera but can grow into the peripheral cornea and cause irritation, vision problems and disfigurement of the front of the eye.
Dry Eyes: Dry eyes can damage the corneal epithelium, which causes eye discomfort and vision disturbances.
Corneal Ulcer: An abscess-like infection of the cornea that can lead to significant pain, scarring and vision loss.
Corneal Dystrophy: A dystrophy is the weakening or degeneration of a tissue
Acanthamoeba Keratitis: An infection that can cause significant pain and vision loss.
Fungal Keratitis: A dangerous corneal infection that tends to affect contact lens wearers more often than people who wear glasses.
Keratoconus: It is thinning and deformation of the cornea that causes vision problems that can’t be corrected with regular eyeglasses or contact lenses.
Corneal Ectasia: This is also thinning and deformation of the cornea that resembles keratoconus but occurs as a rare complication of LASIK or other corneal refractive surgery.
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